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	<title>Ricardo Sandoval</title>
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		<title>Ricardo Sandoval</title>
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		<title>Solução em inglês para um problema da internet</title>
		<link>http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/2010/04/11/solucao-em-ingles-para-um-problema-da-internet/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 11 Apr 2010 16:51:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>ricardosandoval</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Matemática]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Mais abaixo está a solução para um problema que achei na intenet. A imagem original do site gogeometry foi achada aqui. The original image and problem is from the site gogeometry and was found here. Aqui abaixo apresento a imagem completa da minha solução e os passos da solução em inglês: Here I show the [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=ricardosandoval.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9234697&amp;post=563&amp;subd=ricardosandoval&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Mais abaixo está a solução para um problema que achei na intenet.</p>
<p>A imagem original do site gogeometry foi achada <a href="http://gogeometry.com/problem/p425_geometry_classes_quadrilateral_angle_congruence.htm">aqui</a>.</p>
<p>The original image and problem is from the site gogeometry and was found <a href="http://gogeometry.com/problem/p425_geometry_classes_quadrilateral_angle_congruence.htm">here</a>.</p>
<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/screenshot002.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/screenshot002.jpg?w=521&#038;h=196" alt="" title="ScreenShot002" width="521" height="196" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-569" /></a></p>
<p>Aqui abaixo apresento a imagem completa da minha solução e os passos da solução em inglês:</p>
<p>Here I show the final picture of my solution and the steps to get to it.</p>
<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/screenshot001.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/screenshot001.jpg?w=579&#038;h=481" alt="" title="ScreenShot001" width="579" height="481" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-564" /></a></p>
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		<title>Fuvest 2010 1 fase 79</title>
		<link>http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/2010/02/04/fuvest-2010-1-fase-79/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Feb 2010 23:52:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>ricardosandoval</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Matemática]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Temos que compor uma senha de 4 algarismos vamos desenhar quatro espaços para os algarismos. Primeiro calcularemos o total de possibilidades sem restrições (depois vamos retirar os &#8221;&#8221;). Em cada um desses espaços pode ir o &#8220;&#8221; , &#8220;&#8221; , &#8220;&#8221; , &#8220;&#8220;, &#8220;&#8221; então em cada espaço temos 5 opções: , , , Agora [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=ricardosandoval.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9234697&amp;post=507&amp;subd=ricardosandoval&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-79.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-79.jpg?w=379&#038;h=243" alt="" title="Fuvest p1f2010v-79" width="379" height="243" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-471" /></a></p>
<p>Temos que compor uma senha de 4 algarismos vamos desenhar quatro espaços para os algarismos.</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cunderline%7B%5Chspace%7B6mm%7D%7D%2C+%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D%5Cunderline%7B%5Chspace%7B6mm%7D%7D+%2C+%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D%5Cunderline%7B%5Chspace%7B6mm%7D%7D%2C++%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cunderline%7B%5Chspace%7B6mm%7D%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}}, &#92;hspace{1.5mm}&#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} , &#92;hspace{1.5mm}&#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}},  &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} ' title='&#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}}, &#92;hspace{1.5mm}&#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} , &#92;hspace{1.5mm}&#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}},  &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Primeiro calcularemos o total de possibilidades sem restrições (depois vamos retirar os &#8221;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=13&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='13' title='13' class='latex' />&#8221;).</p>
<p>Em cada um desses espaços pode ir o &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=1&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='1' title='1' class='latex' />&#8221; , &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='2' title='2' class='latex' />&#8221; , &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=3&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='3' title='3' class='latex' />&#8221; , &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=4&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='4' title='4' class='latex' />&#8220;, &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=5&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='5' title='5' class='latex' />&#8221; então em cada espaço temos 5 opções:</p>
<p> <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cunderline%7B5+%5Chspace%7B1mm%7D+op%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;underline{5 &#92;hspace{1mm} op} ' title='&#92;underline{5 &#92;hspace{1mm} op} ' class='latex' />, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cunderline%7B5+%5Chspace%7B1mm%7D+op%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;underline{5 &#92;hspace{1mm} op} ' title='&#92;underline{5 &#92;hspace{1mm} op} ' class='latex' />, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cunderline%7B5+%5Chspace%7B1mm%7D+op%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;underline{5 &#92;hspace{1mm} op} ' title='&#92;underline{5 &#92;hspace{1mm} op} ' class='latex' />, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cunderline%7B5+%5Chspace%7B1mm%7D+op%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;underline{5 &#92;hspace{1mm} op} ' title='&#92;underline{5 &#92;hspace{1mm} op} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=5+%5Ctimes+5+%5Ctimes+5+%5Ctimes+5%3D625+%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cmbox%7Bsenhas%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='5 &#92;times 5 &#92;times 5 &#92;times 5=625 &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;mbox{senhas} ' title='5 &#92;times 5 &#92;times 5 &#92;times 5=625 &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;mbox{senhas} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Agora temos que retirar as senhas em que o &#8221;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=13&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='13' title='13' class='latex' />&#8221; aparece. Essas senhas podem aparecer com as seguintes &#8220;caras&#8221;:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cunderline%7B%27%271%27%27%7D+%2C%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D++%5Cunderline%7B%27%273%27%27%7D+%2C%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cunderline%7B%5Chspace%7B6mm%7D%7D+%2C+%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cunderline%7B%5Chspace%7B6mm%7D%7D+%5Chspace%7B2mm%7D+%5Cmbox%7Baqui+temos%7D+%5CRightarrow+5+%5Ctimes+5+%3D+25+%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cmbox%7Bsenhas%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;underline{&#039;&#039;1&#039;&#039;} ,&#92;hspace{1.5mm}  &#92;underline{&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;} ,&#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} , &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} &#92;hspace{2mm} &#92;mbox{aqui temos} &#92;Rightarrow 5 &#92;times 5 = 25 &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;mbox{senhas} ' title='&#92;underline{&#039;&#039;1&#039;&#039;} ,&#92;hspace{1.5mm}  &#92;underline{&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;} ,&#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} , &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} &#92;hspace{2mm} &#92;mbox{aqui temos} &#92;Rightarrow 5 &#92;times 5 = 25 &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;mbox{senhas} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cunderline%7B%5Chspace%7B6mm%7D%7D+%2C+%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cunderline%7B%27%271%27%27%7D+%2C%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D++%5Cunderline%7B%27%273%27%27%7D+%2C%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cunderline%7B%5Chspace%7B6mm%7D%7D+%5Chspace%7B2mm%7D+%5Cmbox%7Baqui+temos%7D+%5CRightarrow+5+%5Ctimes+5+%3D+25+%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cmbox%7Bsenhas%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} , &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#039;&#039;1&#039;&#039;} ,&#92;hspace{1.5mm}  &#92;underline{&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;} ,&#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} &#92;hspace{2mm} &#92;mbox{aqui temos} &#92;Rightarrow 5 &#92;times 5 = 25 &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;mbox{senhas} ' title='&#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} , &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#039;&#039;1&#039;&#039;} ,&#92;hspace{1.5mm}  &#92;underline{&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;} ,&#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} &#92;hspace{2mm} &#92;mbox{aqui temos} &#92;Rightarrow 5 &#92;times 5 = 25 &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;mbox{senhas} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cunderline%7B%5Chspace%7B6mm%7D%7D+%2C+%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cunderline%7B%5Chspace%7B6mm%7D%7D+%2C+%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cunderline%7B%27%271%27%27%7D+%2C%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D++%5Cunderline%7B%27%273%27%27%7D+%5Chspace%7B2mm%7D+%5Cmbox%7Baqui+temos%7D+%5CRightarrow+5+%5Ctimes+5+%3D+25+%5Chspace%7B1.5mm%7D+%5Cmbox%7Bsenhas%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} , &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} , &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#039;&#039;1&#039;&#039;} ,&#92;hspace{1.5mm}  &#92;underline{&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;} &#92;hspace{2mm} &#92;mbox{aqui temos} &#92;Rightarrow 5 &#92;times 5 = 25 &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;mbox{senhas} ' title='&#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} , &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#92;hspace{6mm}} , &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;underline{&#039;&#039;1&#039;&#039;} ,&#92;hspace{1.5mm}  &#92;underline{&#039;&#039;3&#039;&#039;} &#92;hspace{2mm} &#92;mbox{aqui temos} &#92;Rightarrow 5 &#92;times 5 = 25 &#92;hspace{1.5mm} &#92;mbox{senhas} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Temos que tomar cuidado aqui! O número &#8220;1313&#8243; aparece tanto na primeira quanto na terceira. (temos que acrescentar <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=1&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='1' title='1' class='latex' /> para não retirar essa senha <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='2' title='2' class='latex' /> vezes) </p>
<p>Logo a quantidade total de senhas é</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=625+-25-25-25%2B1&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='625 -25-25-25+1' title='625 -25-25-25+1' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=551&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='551' title='551' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Gabarito: letra a)</p>
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			<media:title type="html">Fuvest p1f2010v-79</media:title>
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		<title>Fuvest 2010 1 fase 77</title>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Feb 2010 22:09:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>ricardosandoval</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Matemática]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Como o gráfico de &#8220;&#8221; é uma parábola a função &#8220;&#8221; é do segundo grau. sustituindo o &#8220;&#8221; por para obter : substiuindo em temos: cancelando alguns termos&#8230; igualando os termos correspondentes (dois polinômios só são idênticos se tiverem os mesmos termos) vem que: e e logo O mínimo(para ) de uma função do segundo [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=ricardosandoval.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9234697&amp;post=499&amp;subd=ricardosandoval&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-77.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-77.jpg?w=380&#038;h=275" alt="" title="Fuvest p1f2010v-77" width="380" height="275" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-469" /></a></p>
<p>Como o gráfico de &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=f+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='f ' title='f ' class='latex' />&#8221; é uma parábola a função &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=f+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='f ' title='f ' class='latex' />&#8221; é do segundo grau.</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=f%28x%29%3Dax%5E2%2Bbx%2Bc&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='f(x)=ax^2+bx+c' title='f(x)=ax^2+bx+c' class='latex' /> </p>
<p>sustituindo o &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=x+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='x ' title='x ' class='latex' />&#8221; por <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=x%2B1&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='x+1' title='x+1' class='latex' /> para obter <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=f%28x%2B1%29+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='f(x+1) ' title='f(x+1) ' class='latex' />:</p>
<p> <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=f%28x%2B1%29%3Da%28x%2B1%29%5E2%2Bb.%28x%2B1%29%2Bc&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='f(x+1)=a(x+1)^2+b.(x+1)+c' title='f(x+1)=a(x+1)^2+b.(x+1)+c' class='latex' /></p>
<p> <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=f%28x%2B1%29%3Dax%5E2%2B2ax%2Ba%2Bbx%2Bb%2Bc&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='f(x+1)=ax^2+2ax+a+bx+b+c' title='f(x+1)=ax^2+2ax+a+bx+b+c' class='latex' /></p>
<p>substiuindo em</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=f%28x%2B1%29-f%28x%29%3D6x-2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='f(x+1)-f(x)=6x-2' title='f(x+1)-f(x)=6x-2' class='latex' /> </p>
<p>temos:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28ax%5E2%2B2ax%2Ba%2Bbx%2Bb%2Bc%29-%28ax%5E2%2Bbx%2Bc%29%3D6x-2+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='(ax^2+2ax+a+bx+b+c)-(ax^2+bx+c)=6x-2 ' title='(ax^2+2ax+a+bx+b+c)-(ax^2+bx+c)=6x-2 ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>cancelando alguns termos&#8230;</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=2ax%2Ba%2Bb+%3D+6x-2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='2ax+a+b = 6x-2' title='2ax+a+b = 6x-2' class='latex' /></p>
<p>igualando os termos correspondentes (dois polinômios só são idênticos se tiverem os mesmos termos) vem que: </p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=2a+%3D6&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='2a =6' title='2a =6' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a%2Bb%3D-2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a+b=-2' title='a+b=-2' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a+%3D3&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a =3' title='a =3' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=3%2Bb%3D-2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='3+b=-2' title='3+b=-2' class='latex' /> logo <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=b%3D-5&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='b=-5' title='b=-5' class='latex' /></p>
<p>O mínimo(para <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a%3E0&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a&gt;0' title='a&gt;0' class='latex' />) de uma função do segundo grau ocorre no &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=x+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='x ' title='x ' class='latex' /> do vértice&#8221;:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=x_v%3D-%5Cdfrac%7Bb%7D%7B2a%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='x_v=-&#92;dfrac{b}{2a}' title='x_v=-&#92;dfrac{b}{2a}' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=x_v%3D-%5Cdfrac%7B-5%7D%7B2.3%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='x_v=-&#92;dfrac{-5}{2.3}' title='x_v=-&#92;dfrac{-5}{2.3}' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=x_v%3D%5Cdfrac%7B5%7D%7B6%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='x_v=&#92;dfrac{5}{6}' title='x_v=&#92;dfrac{5}{6}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Gabarito: c)</p>
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		<title>Fuvest 2010 1 fase 71</title>
		<link>http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/2010/02/04/fuvest-2010-1-fase-71/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Feb 2010 19:34:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>ricardosandoval</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Matemática]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Resolução: Com litro de gasolina percorrem-se = Como litro de gasolina custa R$ 2,20 então com gasolina gasta-se R$ 2,20 para percorrer e para cada gastam-se R$ R$ Com litro de álcool percorrem-se = então cada litro de alcool deve custar R$ R$ Gabarito: e) Obs. Pode-se usar a &#8220;regra de 3&#8243; diretamente em 2,20 [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=ricardosandoval.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9234697&amp;post=488&amp;subd=ricardosandoval&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-71.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-71.jpg?w=377&#038;h=230" alt="" title="Fuvest p1f2010v-71" width="377" height="230" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-463" /></a></p>
<p>Resolução: Com <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=1&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='1' title='1' class='latex' /> litro de gasolina percorrem-se <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7B374%7D%7B34%7D+km&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{374}{34} km' title='&#92;dfrac{374}{34} km' class='latex' /> = <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=11+km&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='11 km' title='11 km' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Como <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=1+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='1 ' title='1 ' class='latex' /> litro de gasolina custa R$ 2,20 </p>
<p>então com gasolina gasta-se R$ 2,20 para percorrer <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=11+km+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='11 km ' title='11 km ' class='latex' /> e</p>
<p>para cada <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=1km&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='1km' title='1km' class='latex' /> gastam-se R$ <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7B2%2C20%7D%7B11%7D+%3D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{2,20}{11} = ' title='&#92;dfrac{2,20}{11} = ' class='latex' /> R$ <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=0%2C20&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='0,20' title='0,20' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Com <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=1&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='1' title='1' class='latex' /> litro de álcool percorrem-se <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7B259%7D%7B37%7D+km&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{259}{37} km' title='&#92;dfrac{259}{37} km' class='latex' /> = <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=7+km&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='7 km' title='7 km' class='latex' /> </p>
<p>então cada litro de alcool deve custar R$ <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=7+%5Ctimes+0%2C20%3D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='7 &#92;times 0,20=' title='7 &#92;times 0,20=' class='latex' /> R$ <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=1%2C40&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='1,40' title='1,40' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Gabarito: e)</p>
<p>Obs. Pode-se usar a &#8220;regra de 3&#8243; diretamente em<br />
2,20 &#8211; 11km (Gasolina)<br />
x &#8211; 7km  (Álcool)</p>
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		<title>Fuvest 2010 1 fase 74</title>
		<link>http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/2010/02/04/fuvest-2010-1-fase-74/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Feb 2010 17:47:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>ricardosandoval</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Matemática]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Porque , e formam uma PA com podemos fazer: , e . Porque , , estão em progressão geométrica substituindo temos fazendo Bháscara e simplificando temos: por causa da condição temos e . Gabarito: e)<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=ricardosandoval.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9234697&amp;post=482&amp;subd=ricardosandoval&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-74.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-74.jpg?w=378&#038;h=254" alt="" title="Fuvest p1f2010v-74" width="378" height="254" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-466" /></a></p>
<p>Porque <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_1&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_1' title='a_1' class='latex' />, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_2' title='a_2' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_3&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_3' title='a_3' class='latex' /> formam uma PA com <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_2%3D2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_2=2' title='a_2=2' class='latex' /> podemos fazer: <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_1%3D2-r&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_1=2-r' title='a_1=2-r' class='latex' />, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_2%3D2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_2=2' title='a_2=2' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_3%3D2%2Br&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_3=2+r' title='a_3=2+r' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>Porque <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_1%2B3&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_1+3' title='a_1+3' class='latex' />, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_2-3&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_2-3' title='a_2-3' class='latex' />, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_3+-3&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_3 -3' title='a_3 -3' class='latex' /> estão em progressão geométrica</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=q%3D%5Cdfrac%7Ba_2-3%7D%7Ba_1%2B3%7D%3D%5Cdfrac%7Ba_3-3%7D%7Ba_2-3%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='q=&#92;dfrac{a_2-3}{a_1+3}=&#92;dfrac{a_3-3}{a_2-3}' title='q=&#92;dfrac{a_2-3}{a_1+3}=&#92;dfrac{a_3-3}{a_2-3}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>substituindo temos</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7B2-3%7D%7B%282-r%29%2B3%7D%3D%5Cdfrac%7B%282%2Br%29-3%7D%7B2-3%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{2-3}{(2-r)+3}=&#92;dfrac{(2+r)-3}{2-3}' title='&#92;dfrac{2-3}{(2-r)+3}=&#92;dfrac{(2+r)-3}{2-3}' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%28-1%29.%28-1%29%3D%285-r%29.%28r-1%29&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='(-1).(-1)=(5-r).(r-1)' title='(-1).(-1)=(5-r).(r-1)' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=1%3D5r-5-r%5E2%2Br&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='1=5r-5-r^2+r' title='1=5r-5-r^2+r' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=r%5E2-5r%2B5-r%2B1%3D0&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='r^2-5r+5-r+1=0' title='r^2-5r+5-r+1=0' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=r%5E2-6r%2B6%3D0&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='r^2-6r+6=0' title='r^2-6r+6=0' class='latex' /></p>
<p>fazendo Bháscara e simplificando temos:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=r%3D+3+%5Cpm+%5Csqrt%7B3%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='r= 3 &#92;pm &#92;sqrt{3}' title='r= 3 &#92;pm &#92;sqrt{3}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>por causa da condição <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a_1%3E0&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a_1&gt;0' title='a_1&gt;0' class='latex' /> temos <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=r%3C2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='r&lt;2' title='r&lt;2' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=r%3D+3-%5Csqrt%7B3%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='r= 3-&#92;sqrt{3}' title='r= 3-&#92;sqrt{3}' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>Gabarito: e)</p>
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		<title>Fuvest 2010 1 fase 73</title>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Feb 2010 16:52:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>ricardosandoval</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Matemática]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Tirando o logaritmo dos dois lados: Como é o maior inteiro possível Gabarito: letra d)<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=ricardosandoval.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9234697&amp;post=476&amp;subd=ricardosandoval&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-73.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-73.jpg?w=380&#038;h=153" alt="" title="Fuvest p1f2010v-73" width="380" height="153" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-465" /></a></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=10%5En+%5Cleq+12%5E%7B418%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='10^n &#92;leq 12^{418}' title='10^n &#92;leq 12^{418}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Tirando o logaritmo dos dois lados:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Clog+10%5En+%5Cleq+%5Clog+12%5E%7B418%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;log 10^n &#92;leq &#92;log 12^{418}' title='&#92;log 10^n &#92;leq &#92;log 12^{418}' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n+.+%5Clog+10+%5Cleq+418+.+%5Clog+12&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='n . &#92;log 10 &#92;leq 418 . &#92;log 12' title='n . &#92;log 10 &#92;leq 418 . &#92;log 12' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n+.1+%5Cleq+418+.+%5Clog+%282%5E2.3%29&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='n .1 &#92;leq 418 . &#92;log (2^2.3)' title='n .1 &#92;leq 418 . &#92;log (2^2.3)' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n+%5Cleq+418+.%28%5Clog+2%5E2%2B%5Clog3%29&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='n &#92;leq 418 .(&#92;log 2^2+&#92;log3)' title='n &#92;leq 418 .(&#92;log 2^2+&#92;log3)' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n+%5Cleq+418+.%282.%5Clog+2%2B%5Clog3%29&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='n &#92;leq 418 .(2.&#92;log 2+&#92;log3)' title='n &#92;leq 418 .(2.&#92;log 2+&#92;log3)' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n+%5Cleq+418+.%280%2C60%2B0%2C48%29&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='n &#92;leq 418 .(0,60+0,48)' title='n &#92;leq 418 .(0,60+0,48)' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n+%5Cleq+418+.%281%2C08%29&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='n &#92;leq 418 .(1,08)' title='n &#92;leq 418 .(1,08)' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n+%5Cleq+451%2C44+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='n &#92;leq 451,44 ' title='n &#92;leq 451,44 ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Como <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='n' title='n' class='latex' /> é o maior inteiro possível <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=n%3D451&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='n=451' title='n=451' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Gabarito: letra d)</p>
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		<title>Fuvest 2010 1 fase 72</title>
		<link>http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/2010/02/04/fuvest-2010-1-fase-72/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Feb 2010 16:23:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>ricardosandoval</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Matemática]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Resolução: Por Pitágoras a hipotenusa AC mede 5. Porque DECF é um paralelogramo o triângulo DBE é semelhante ao ABC. Logo: chamando DB de temos chamando BE de e usando a semelhança novamente temos: Como BC mede 3 então b=EC mede: Então a área do paralelogramo é: simplificando e multiplicando Gabarito: letra a) Obs) Poderia-se [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=ricardosandoval.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9234697&amp;post=472&amp;subd=ricardosandoval&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-72.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/fuvest-p1f2010v-72.jpg?w=382&#038;h=310" alt="" title="Fuvest p1f2010v-72" width="382" height="310" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-464" /></a></p>
<p>Resolução: Por Pitágoras a hipotenusa AC mede 5. Porque DECF é um paralelogramo o triângulo DBE é semelhante ao ABC. Logo:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cfrac%7BBD%7D%7BAB%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7BDE%7D%7BAC%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;frac{BD}{AB}=&#92;frac{DE}{AC}' title='&#92;frac{BD}{AB}=&#92;frac{DE}{AC}' class='latex' /> </p>
<p>chamando DB de <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=h&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='h' title='h' class='latex' /> temos</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7Bh%7D%7B4%7D%3D%5Cdfrac%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B2%7D%7D%7B5%7D+%5CLongrightarrow+%5Cdfrac%7Bh%7D%7B4%7D%3D%5Cdfrac%7B3%7D%7B10%7D+%5CLongrightarrow+10h+%3D12+%5CLongrightarrow+%5Cdfrac%7B6%7D%7B5%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{h}{4}=&#92;dfrac{&#92;frac{3}{2}}{5} &#92;Longrightarrow &#92;dfrac{h}{4}=&#92;dfrac{3}{10} &#92;Longrightarrow 10h =12 &#92;Longrightarrow &#92;dfrac{6}{5}' title='&#92;dfrac{h}{4}=&#92;dfrac{&#92;frac{3}{2}}{5} &#92;Longrightarrow &#92;dfrac{h}{4}=&#92;dfrac{3}{10} &#92;Longrightarrow 10h =12 &#92;Longrightarrow &#92;dfrac{6}{5}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>chamando BE de <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a' title='a' class='latex' /> e usando a semelhança novamente temos:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7Ba%7D%7B3%7D+%3D%5Cdfrac%7B%5Cfrac%7B3%7D%7B2%7D%7D%7B5%7D+%5CLongrightarrow+%5Cdfrac%7Ba%7D%7B3%7D+%3D%5Cdfrac%7B3%7D%7B10%7D+%5CLongrightarrow+10a%3D9+%5CLongrightarrow+a%3D%5Cdfrac%7B9%7D%7B10%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{a}{3} =&#92;dfrac{&#92;frac{3}{2}}{5} &#92;Longrightarrow &#92;dfrac{a}{3} =&#92;dfrac{3}{10} &#92;Longrightarrow 10a=9 &#92;Longrightarrow a=&#92;dfrac{9}{10} ' title='&#92;dfrac{a}{3} =&#92;dfrac{&#92;frac{3}{2}}{5} &#92;Longrightarrow &#92;dfrac{a}{3} =&#92;dfrac{3}{10} &#92;Longrightarrow 10a=9 &#92;Longrightarrow a=&#92;dfrac{9}{10} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Como BC mede 3 então b=EC mede:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=b%3D+3-%5Cdfrac%7B9%7D%7B10%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='b= 3-&#92;dfrac{9}{10}' title='b= 3-&#92;dfrac{9}{10}' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=b%3D+%5Cdfrac%7B21%7D%7B10%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='b= &#92;dfrac{21}{10}' title='b= &#92;dfrac{21}{10}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Então a área do paralelogramo é:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%3Db.h%3D%5Cdfrac%7B21%7D%7B10%7D.+%5Cdfrac%7B6%7D%7B5%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='A=b.h=&#92;dfrac{21}{10}. &#92;dfrac{6}{5}' title='A=b.h=&#92;dfrac{21}{10}. &#92;dfrac{6}{5}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>simplificando e multiplicando</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=A%3D%5Cdfrac%7B63%7D%7B25%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='A=&#92;dfrac{63}{25}' title='A=&#92;dfrac{63}{25}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Gabarito: letra a)</p>
<p>Obs) Poderia-se também usar que DE=FC achar AF e fazer semelhança de ABC com ADF o trabalho é semelhante.</p>
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		<title>Soma da progressão aritmética</title>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Feb 2010 11:23:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>ricardosandoval</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Faça uma estimativa rápida de Em vez de fazer a soma você pode aproximar, por exemplo: ou melhor . Ou pode ser &#8230; Mas isto é exatamente porque Podemos passar do para o . Note que é a média de e . Agora quanto é Note que é a média de e . Então a [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=ricardosandoval.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9234697&amp;post=454&amp;subd=ricardosandoval&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Faça uma estimativa rápida de</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=83%2B85%2B87%3D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='83+85+87=' title='83+85+87=' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Em vez de fazer a soma você pode aproximar, por exemplo: <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=3+%5Ctimes+80+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='3 &#92;times 80 ' title='3 &#92;times 80 ' class='latex' /> ou melhor <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=3+%5Ctimes+83&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='3 &#92;times 83' title='3 &#92;times 83' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>Ou pode ser &#8230;</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=3.85+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='3.85 ' title='3.85 ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Mas isto é exatamente <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=83%2B85%2B87&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='83+85+87' title='83+85+87' class='latex' /></p>
<p>porque <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=85%2B85%2B85+%3D+83%2B85%2B87&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='85+85+85 = 83+85+87' title='85+85+85 = 83+85+87' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Podemos passar <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='2' title='2' class='latex' /> do <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=87&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='87' title='87' class='latex' /> para o <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=83&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='83' title='83' class='latex' />.<br />
Note que <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=85+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='85 ' title='85 ' class='latex' /> é a média de <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=83+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='83 ' title='83 ' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=87&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='87' title='87' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>Agora quanto é </p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=81%2B83%2B85%2B87%2B89%3D%3F&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='81+83+85+87+89=?' title='81+83+85+87+89=?' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=5.85+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='5.85 ' title='5.85 ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Note que <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=85+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='85 ' title='85 ' class='latex' /> é a média de <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=81+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='81 ' title='81 ' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=89&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='89' title='89' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>Então a soma é  </p>
<p>(némero de termos).(termo do meio)</p>
<p>mas espera um pouco e se for por exemplo:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=83%2B85%2B87%2B89%3D%3F&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='83+85+87+89=?' title='83+85+87+89=?' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Não temos um termo central mas </p>
<p>A média <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7B85%2B87%7D%7B2%7D+%3D+86+%3D+%5Cdfrac%7B83%2B89%7D%7B2%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{85+87}{2} = 86 = &#92;dfrac{83+89}{2} ' title='&#92;dfrac{85+87}{2} = 86 = &#92;dfrac{83+89}{2} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Então a soma é <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=4.86+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='4.86 ' title='4.86 ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Então é sempre (número de termos).(média ou &#8220;termo do meio&#8221;)</p>
<p>E agora a última soma</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=37%2B39%2B...%2B79%2B81&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='37+39+...+79+81' title='37+39+...+79+81' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Neste caso não vemos o &#8220;termo do meio&#8221; mas ele deve ser a média de?</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7B37%2B81%7D%7B2%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{37+81}{2} ' title='&#92;dfrac{37+81}{2} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>ou <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7B%5Cmbox%7Bprimeiro%7D%2B%5Cmbox%7B%5C%27ultimo%7D%7D%7B2%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{&#92;mbox{primeiro}+&#92;mbox{&#92;&#039;ultimo}}{2}' title='&#92;dfrac{&#92;mbox{primeiro}+&#92;mbox{&#92;&#039;ultimo}}{2}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Então a soma genérica é:</p>
<p>(número de termos).(média) =</p>
<p>(número de termos).(<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7B%5Cmbox%7Bprimeiro%7D%2B%5Cmbox%7B%5C%27ultimo%7D%7D%7B2%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{&#92;mbox{primeiro}+&#92;mbox{&#92;&#039;ultimo}}{2}' title='&#92;dfrac{&#92;mbox{primeiro}+&#92;mbox{&#92;&#039;ultimo}}{2}' class='latex' />)</p>
<p>Esta é a soma de qualquer progressão aritmética.</p>
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		<title>Volume da Pirâmide</title>
		<link>http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/2010/02/02/volume-da-piramide/</link>
		<comments>http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/2010/02/02/volume-da-piramide/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 02 Feb 2010 22:52:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>ricardosandoval</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Matemática]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Por algum tempo eu me perguntei porquê o volume da pirâmide é: . As demonstrações que eu vi não me satisfizeram completamente (eu procurei). Neste post gostaria de mostrar uma visão diferente dessa fórmula. Depois de alguma reflecção parece razoável que o volume da pirâmide seja diretamente proporcional à area &#8220;&#8221; e a altura &#8220;&#8220;, [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=ricardosandoval.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9234697&amp;post=448&amp;subd=ricardosandoval&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Por algum tempo eu me perguntei porquê o volume da pirâmide é:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=V%3D+%5Cdfrac%7B1%7D%7B3%7D.B.h+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='V= &#92;dfrac{1}{3}.B.h ' title='V= &#92;dfrac{1}{3}.B.h ' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>As demonstrações que eu vi não me satisfizeram completamente (eu procurei). Neste post gostaria de mostrar uma visão diferente dessa fórmula.</p>
<p>Depois de alguma reflecção parece razoável que o volume da pirâmide seja diretamente proporcional à area &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=B&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='B' title='B' class='latex' />&#8221; e a altura &#8220;<img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=h&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='h' title='h' class='latex' />&#8220;, o 1/3 que me incomodava.</p>
<p>Para uma motivação inicial vamos primeiro usar um prisma retângular (ou seja vertical) com base quadrada ABCD e cortá-lo com um plano não paralelo à base, considerando abaixo desse plano o sólido truncado que em cada vértice da base da base ABCD tem alturas  <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=h_a&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='h_a' title='h_a' class='latex' /> , <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=h_b&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='h_b' title='h_b' class='latex' /> , <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=h_c&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='h_c' title='h_c' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=h_d&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='h_d' title='h_d' class='latex' />.</p>
<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/screenshot003.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/screenshot003.jpg?w=300&#038;h=224" alt="" title="ScreenShot003" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-368" height="224" width="300"></a></p>
<p>Qual é a altura <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=H&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='H' title='H' class='latex' /> do sólido no centro do quadrado?</p>
<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/screenshot004.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/screenshot004.jpg?w=300&#038;h=227" alt="" title="ScreenShot004" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-369" height="227" width="300"></a></p>
<p>É possível mostrar usando geometria plana que <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=H+%3D+%5Cdfrac%7B%28h_a+%2B+h_c+%29%7D%7B2%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='H = &#92;dfrac{(h_a + h_c )}{2} ' title='H = &#92;dfrac{(h_a + h_c )}{2} ' class='latex' /> o que tem uma certa lógica.</p>
<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/screenshot005.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/screenshot005.jpg?w=300&#038;h=223" alt="" title="ScreenShot005" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-370" height="223" width="300"></a></p>
<p>e também <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=H%3D+%5Cdfrac%7B%28h_b+%2B+h_d%29%7D%7B2%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='H= &#92;dfrac{(h_b + h_d)}{2} ' title='H= &#92;dfrac{(h_b + h_d)}{2} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Isso é igual a idéia intuitiva da &#8220;altura média do sólido&#8221; e é igual a média das alturas nos pontos A, B, C e D.</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=H+%3D%5Cdfrac%7B%28h_a+%2B+h_b+%2B+h_c+%2B+h_d+%29%7D%7B4%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='H =&#92;dfrac{(h_a + h_b + h_c + h_d )}{4} ' title='H =&#92;dfrac{(h_a + h_b + h_c + h_d )}{4} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p> O volume do sólido truncado <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=V&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='V' title='V' class='latex' /> should be</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=V+%3D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='V = ' title='V = ' class='latex' />(Area da base B).(altura média) </p>
<p>O que acontece se a base for um triângulo equilátero ABC? </p>
<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/screenshot007.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/screenshot007.jpg?w=226&#038;h=300" alt="" title="ScreenShot007" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-372" height="300" width="226"></a></p>
<p>A mesma idéia deve se aplicar assim o volume seria:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=V%3D+B.%5Cdfrac%7B%28h_a+%2B+h_b+%2B+h_c%29%7D%7B3%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='V= B.&#92;dfrac{(h_a + h_b + h_c)}{3} ' title='V= B.&#92;dfrac{(h_a + h_b + h_c)}{3} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Vamos analisar o caso extremo quando <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=h_a+%3D+h_b+%3D+0+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='h_a = h_b = 0 ' title='h_a = h_b = 0 ' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=h_c+%3D+h&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='h_c = h' title='h_c = h' class='latex' />  neste caso temos uma pirâmide!! </p>
<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/screenshot009.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/screenshot009.jpg?w=253&#038;h=276" alt="" title="ScreenShot009" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-375" height="276" width="253"></a></p>
<p>Então o volume de uma pirâmide é:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=V%3D+B.%5Cdfrac%7B%280+%2B+0+%2B+h%29%7D%7B3%7D+%3D+B.%5Cdfrac%7Bh%7D%7B3%7D%3D+%5Cdfrac%7B1%7D%7B3%7D.B.h+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='V= B.&#92;dfrac{(0 + 0 + h)}{3} = B.&#92;dfrac{h}{3}= &#92;dfrac{1}{3}.B.h ' title='V= B.&#92;dfrac{(0 + 0 + h)}{3} = B.&#92;dfrac{h}{3}= &#92;dfrac{1}{3}.B.h ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Como queríamos!</p>
<p>Esta demonstração não é completamente rigorosa mas acho ela bastante intuitiva. Se você quer ver uma versão mais vigorosa vá para a página <a href="http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/2009/12/21/volume-of-th-pyramid-made-rigorous/">volume of the pyramid made rigorous</a>.</p>
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		<title>Soma e Produto Método Alternativo</title>
		<link>http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/2010/01/10/soma-e-produto-metodo-alternativo/</link>
		<comments>http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/2010/01/10/soma-e-produto-metodo-alternativo/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 Jan 2010 18:00:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>ricardosandoval</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Matemática]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://ricardosandoval.wordpress.com/?p=409</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Se temos um problema assim: Para simplificar vamos assumir . Vamos elevar ao quadrado a primeira equação: O produto notável que usamos é parecido com será que isso ajuda? Como temos que se soubéssemos o problema estava resolvido. Agora de para a diferença é ou seja: ou também: substituindo então: (lembre-se que assumimos ) Somando [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=ricardosandoval.wordpress.com&amp;blog=9234697&amp;post=409&amp;subd=ricardosandoval&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Se temos um problema assim:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%5C%7B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bl%7D+a%2Bb%3D14+%5C%5C+a.b%3D45+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright.&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left&#92;{ &#92;begin{array}{l} a+b=14 &#92;&#92; a.b=45 &#92;end{array} &#92;right.' title='&#92;left&#92;{ &#92;begin{array}{l} a+b=14 &#92;&#92; a.b=45 &#92;end{array} &#92;right.' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Para simplificar vamos assumir <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a+%5Cgeq+b+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a &#92;geq b ' title='a &#92;geq b ' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>Vamos elevar ao quadrado a primeira equação:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%5C%7B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bl%7D+%5Cleft%28+a%2Bb+%5Cright%29%5E2%3D14%5E2+%5C%5C+a.b%3D45+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright.&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left&#92;{ &#92;begin{array}{l} &#92;left( a+b &#92;right)^2=14^2 &#92;&#92; a.b=45 &#92;end{array} &#92;right.' title='&#92;left&#92;{ &#92;begin{array}{l} &#92;left( a+b &#92;right)^2=14^2 &#92;&#92; a.b=45 &#92;end{array} &#92;right.' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%5C%7B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bl%7D+a%5E2%2B2.ab%2Bb%5E2+%3D196+%5C%5C+a.b%3D45+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright.&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left&#92;{ &#92;begin{array}{l} a^2+2.ab+b^2 =196 &#92;&#92; a.b=45 &#92;end{array} &#92;right.' title='&#92;left&#92;{ &#92;begin{array}{l} a^2+2.ab+b^2 =196 &#92;&#92; a.b=45 &#92;end{array} &#92;right.' class='latex' /></p>
<p>O produto notável <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%28+a%2Bb+%5Cright%29%5E2+%5CRightarrow+a%5E2%2B2.ab%2Bb%5E2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left( a+b &#92;right)^2 &#92;Rightarrow a^2+2.ab+b^2' title='&#92;left( a+b &#92;right)^2 &#92;Rightarrow a^2+2.ab+b^2' class='latex' /> que usamos</p>
<p>é parecido com <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%28+a-b+%5Cright%29%5E2+%5CRightarrow+a%5E2-2.ab%2Bb%5E2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left( a-b &#92;right)^2 &#92;Rightarrow a^2-2.ab+b^2' title='&#92;left( a-b &#92;right)^2 &#92;Rightarrow a^2-2.ab+b^2' class='latex' /> será que isso ajuda?</p>
<p>Como temos que <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a%2Bb%3D14&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a+b=14' title='a+b=14' class='latex' /> se soubéssemos <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a-b&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a-b' title='a-b' class='latex' /> o problema estava resolvido.</p>
<p>Agora de <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a%5E2%2B2ab%2Bb%5E2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a^2+2ab+b^2' title='a^2+2ab+b^2' class='latex' /> para <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a%5E2-2ab%2Bb%5E2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a^2-2ab+b^2' title='a^2-2ab+b^2' class='latex' /> a diferença é <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=4ab&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='4ab' title='4ab' class='latex' /> ou seja:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%28+a%5E2%2B2ab%2Bb%5E2+%5Cright%29+-%5Cleft%28+a%5E2-2ab%2Bb%5E2%5Cright%29+%3D+4ab+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left( a^2+2ab+b^2 &#92;right) -&#92;left( a^2-2ab+b^2&#92;right) = 4ab ' title='&#92;left( a^2+2ab+b^2 &#92;right) -&#92;left( a^2-2ab+b^2&#92;right) = 4ab ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>ou também:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%28+a%5E2%2B2ab%2Bb%5E2+%5Cright%29+-4ab+%3D+a%5E2-2ab%2Bb%5E2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left( a^2+2ab+b^2 &#92;right) -4ab = a^2-2ab+b^2' title='&#92;left( a^2+2ab+b^2 &#92;right) -4ab = a^2-2ab+b^2' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%28a+%2B+b%5Cright%29%5E2+-4ab+%3D+%5Cleft%28+a+-+b+%5Cright%29%5E2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left(a + b&#92;right)^2 -4ab = &#92;left( a - b &#92;right)^2' title='&#92;left(a + b&#92;right)^2 -4ab = &#92;left( a - b &#92;right)^2' class='latex' /></p>
<p>substituindo então:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%2814+%5Cright%29%5E2+-4.45+%3D+%5Cleft%28+a+-+b+%5Cright%29%5E2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left(14 &#92;right)^2 -4.45 = &#92;left( a - b &#92;right)^2' title='&#92;left(14 &#92;right)^2 -4.45 = &#92;left( a - b &#92;right)^2' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%28+a+-+b+%5Cright%29%5E2+%3D+196-180&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left( a - b &#92;right)^2 = 196-180' title='&#92;left( a - b &#92;right)^2 = 196-180' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%28+a+-+b+%5Cright%29%5E2+%3D+16&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left( a - b &#92;right)^2 = 16' title='&#92;left( a - b &#92;right)^2 = 16' class='latex' /></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%28+a+-+b+%5Cright%29+%3D+4&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left( a - b &#92;right) = 4' title='&#92;left( a - b &#92;right) = 4' class='latex' /></p>
<p>(lembre-se que assumimos <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a+%5Cgeq+b&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a &#92;geq b' title='a &#92;geq b' class='latex' />)</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%5C%7B+%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bl%7D+a%2Bb%3D14+%5C%5C+a-b%3D4+%5Cend%7Barray%7D+%5Cright.&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left&#92;{ &#92;begin{array}{l} a+b=14 &#92;&#92; a-b=4 &#92;end{array} &#92;right.' title='&#92;left&#92;{ &#92;begin{array}{l} a+b=14 &#92;&#92; a-b=4 &#92;end{array} &#92;right.' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Somando as duas equações temos: <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=2a%3D18&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='2a=18' title='2a=18' class='latex' /> então <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a%3D9&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a=9' title='a=9' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=b%3D5&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='b=5' title='b=5' class='latex' />.</p>
<p>Gostaria de sintetizar e generalizar esta resolução.</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%28a+%2B+b%5Cright%29%5E2+-4ab+%3D+%5Cleft%28+a+-+b+%5Cright%29%5E2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left(a + b&#92;right)^2 -4ab = &#92;left( a - b &#92;right)^2' title='&#92;left(a + b&#92;right)^2 -4ab = &#92;left( a - b &#92;right)^2' class='latex' /> ou seja:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cleft%28%5Cmbox%7BSoma%7D%5Cright%29%5E2+-4.+%5Cmbox%7BProduto%7D+%3D+%5Cleft%28+%5Cmbox%7BDiferen%5Cc%7Bc%7Da%7D+%5Cright%29%5E2&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;left(&#92;mbox{Soma}&#92;right)^2 -4. &#92;mbox{Produto} = &#92;left( &#92;mbox{Diferen&#92;c{c}a} &#92;right)^2' title='&#92;left(&#92;mbox{Soma}&#92;right)^2 -4. &#92;mbox{Produto} = &#92;left( &#92;mbox{Diferen&#92;c{c}a} &#92;right)^2' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Usando <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=S&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='S' title='S' class='latex' /> para Soma, <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=P&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='P' title='P' class='latex' /> para Produto e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='D' title='D' class='latex' /> para Diferença.</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=D+%3D%5Csqrt%7B+S%5E2+-4P%7D+&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='D =&#92;sqrt{ S^2 -4P} ' title='D =&#92;sqrt{ S^2 -4P} ' class='latex' /></p>
<p>Depois que temos a diferença o problema se resolve manipulando o sistema da soma e diferença. No entanto, gostaria de mostrar uma solução um pouco mais elegante interpretando geometricamente os números</p>
<p>No meio caminho entre as duas raízes <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a' title='a' class='latex' /> e <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=b&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='b' title='b' class='latex' /> temos a média: <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7Ba%2Bb%7D%7B2%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{a+b}{2}' title='&#92;dfrac{a+b}{2}' class='latex' /> </p>
<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/screenshot012.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/screenshot012.jpg?w=342&#038;h=91" alt="" title="ScreenShot012" width="342" height="91" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-415" /></a></p>
<p>(repare também que <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cfrac%7Ba%2Bb%7D%7B2%7D+%3D+%5Cfrac%7BS%7D%7B2%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;frac{a+b}{2} = &#92;frac{S}{2}' title='&#92;frac{a+b}{2} = &#92;frac{S}{2}' class='latex' /> ). A partir do meio entre as duas raízes avançamos e voltamos a mesma quantidade para chegar em cada raíz, lembrando que <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=D%3Da-b&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='D=a-b' title='D=a-b' class='latex' /> temos:</p>
<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/screenshot017-e1264791818939.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/screenshot017-e1264791818939.jpg?w=401&#038;h=77" alt="" title="ScreenShot017" width="401" height="77" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-420" /></a></p>
<p>essa quantidade é metade da diferença <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='D' title='D' class='latex' />!</p>
<p><a href="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/screenshot018-e1264791706303.jpg"><img src="http://ricardosandoval.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/screenshot018-e1264791706303.jpg?w=450&#038;h=113" alt="" title="ScreenShot018" width="450" height="113" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-422" /></a></p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=a%3D+%5Cdfrac%7BS%7D%7B2%7D%2B+%5Cdfrac%7BD%7D%7B2%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='a= &#92;dfrac{S}{2}+ &#92;dfrac{D}{2}' title='a= &#92;dfrac{S}{2}+ &#92;dfrac{D}{2}' class='latex' />  </p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=b%3D+%5Cdfrac%7BS%7D%7B2%7D-+%5Cdfrac%7BD%7D%7B2%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='b= &#92;dfrac{S}{2}- &#92;dfrac{D}{2}' title='b= &#92;dfrac{S}{2}- &#92;dfrac{D}{2}' class='latex' /> </p>
<p>ou seja as raízes são: <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7BS%7D%7B2%7D+%5Cpm+%5Cdfrac%7BD%7D%7B2%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{S}{2} &#92;pm &#92;dfrac{D}{2}' title='&#92;dfrac{S}{2} &#92;pm &#92;dfrac{D}{2}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>e substituindo <img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='D' title='D' class='latex' /> temos:</p>
<p><img src='http://s0.wp.com/latex.php?latex=%5Cdfrac%7BS%7D%7B2%7D+%5Cpm+%5Cdfrac%7B%5Csqrt%7B+S%5E2+-4P%7D%7D%7B2%7D&amp;bg=333333&amp;fg=eeeeee&amp;s=0' alt='&#92;dfrac{S}{2} &#92;pm &#92;dfrac{&#92;sqrt{ S^2 -4P}}{2}' title='&#92;dfrac{S}{2} &#92;pm &#92;dfrac{&#92;sqrt{ S^2 -4P}}{2}' class='latex' /></p>
<p>que é a fórmula de Bháscara.</p>
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